Analysis Of A Survivor s Tale - 1557 Words

At its very core Maus is, as the title states, â€Å"a survivor’s tale.† By the very nature of being the tale of a survivor, this story carries with it the baggage of memories. The memories of Vladek bring forth survivor’s guilt and a need to place blame. This all ties in to one of the central themes of Maus: the implications of recounting memories. These implications affect Vladek in various ways as he recounts his tale of survival to Art. In recounting this tale, Art shares in his father’s baggage to a significant degree through the weight that comes from hearing and telling someone else’s story. By Vladek telling his story to his son, someone he trusts with more private details, we are able to get a deeply personal account of Vladek’s life.†¦show more content†¦Throughout the two volumes Art is able to understand his father and the tense relationship between them better by digging deep into his father’s memories. In a lot of ways, bringing Vladek’s memories to the present is therapeutic for their relationship, at least as far as Art’s perspective goes. Art is able to see the things that his father went through, making it easier to understand some of the actions and attitudes of Vladek in the present. It is debatable, however, whether these memories are as therapeutic to Vladek as they are to Art as on many occasions Vladek has to stop telling the story for the day because it is too much for him to handle. The act of remembering an event as dark and traumatic as the holocaust is bound to bring back painful memories. Vladek retelling his story is more than just passing down his memories to his son; it’s bringing those memories to the present in a very real and impactful way. One question these books raise is whether an event such as the holocaust can truly be explained in a way that is understandable to someone who didn’t live through it. In fact, Art even has to interrupt his father to tell him he has to keep the story chronological or else he won’t understand it (Vol. 1:82). This, unfortunately, prevents Vladek from recounting his memories in the way that is most natural for him in dealing with the pain of the past, in favor of recounting his memories in the way that is most natural for Art to

Context Origins Of The Salem Witch Trials - 1855 Words

Makenzie Wessel HIST 2100 Due date Professor Sommerville The Salem Witch Trials CONTEXT ORIGINS OF THE SALEM WITCH TRIALS Belief in the supernatural–and specifically in the devil’s practice of giving certain humans (witches) the power to harm others in return for their loyalty–had emerged in Europe as early as the 14th century, and was widespread in colonial New England. In addition, the harsh realities of life in the rural Puritan community of Salem Village (present-day Danvers, Massachusetts) at the time included the after-effects of a British war with France in the American colonies in 1689, a recent smallpox epidemic, fears of attacks from neighboring Native American tribes and a longstanding rivalry with the more affluent community†¦show more content†¦A witchcraft craze rippled through Europe from the 1300s to the end of the 1600s. Tens of thousands of supposed witches—mostly women—were executed. Though the Salem trials came on just as the European craze was winding down, local circumstances explain their onset. In 1689, English rulers William and Mary started a war with France in the American colonies. Known as King William s War to colonists, it ravaged regions of upstate New York, Nova Scotia and Quebec, sending refugees into the county of Essex and, specifically, Salem Village in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. (Salem Village is present-day Danvers, Massachusetts; colonial Salem Town became what s now Salem.) The displaced people created a strain on Salem s resources. This aggravated the existing rivalry between families with ties to the wealth of the port of Salem and those who still depended on agriculture. Controversy also brewed over Reverend Samuel Parris, who became Salem Village s first ordained minister in 1689, and was disliked because of his rigid ways and greedy nature. The Puritan villagers believed all the quarreling was the work of the Devil. In January of 1692, Reverend Parris daughter Elizabeth, age 9, and niece Abigail Williams, age 11, started having fits. They screamed, threw things, uttered peculiar sounds and contorted themselves into strange positions, and a local doctor blamed theShow MoreRelatedThe Salem Witch Trials : A Day By Day Chronicle Of A Community Under Siege Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesThe book I have chosen to write about is â€Å"The Salem Witch Trials: A Day by Day Chronicle of a Community Under Siege† written by Marilynne K. Roach and published in 2002. Marilynne K. Roach is the president of the Historical Society of Watertown and a member of the Watertown Historical Commission board, she also is an active board member and a curator of the Salem Witch Museum. She has multiple books that have been published about the Salem and the trials that occurred in the late 17th and early 18thRead MoreThe Trials Of Salem Witch Trials2374 Words   |  10 Pagesthe cause of the Salem Witch Trials in 1692 have been offered by historians since the first girl fell ill to bewitchment in December 1961. This marked the beginning of the witch hunt that ended with the death of twenty convicted â€Å"witches†. Historical writers have tried to allocate one particular factor or event as the cause of the Trials, but it is more likely that many of these factors and events are connected and a number of these issues are at the centre of the trials. The context that these historiansRead MoreEssay on Primary Sources for the Salem Witch Trials1731 Words   |  7 Pagescases of witch-hunting/trails and ultimate executions. 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The Salem Witch Trials is a much debated event; historians argue over the motivation and causes behind the trials and executions, not overRead MoreHow to Construct Research Question1149 Words   |  5 Pagesand the following â€Å"Treatment of the topic† section gives guidance on defining and narrowing it.  · â€Å"Causes of the collapse of the Mayan civilization† is better than â€Å"The Mayan civilization†.  · â€Å"Varying interpretations of the Salem witch trials† is better than â€Å"Witch trials in North America†.  · â€Å"Use of the visual arts in fascist propaganda† is better than â€Å"Fascist propaganda†.  · â€Å"Stalin’s use of the party machine and terror† is better than â€Å"The Soviet Union under Stalin†.  · â€Å"The role of the Pan-AfricanRead MoreEssay on Historiography of the Salem Witch Trials2631 Words   |  11 PagesThe changing historiography of the Salem Witch Persecutions of 1692. How current/contemporary and historical interpretations of this event reflect the changing nature of historiography. The number of different interpretations of the Salem Witch Trials illustrates that historiography is ever changing. The historians, Hale, Starkey, Upham, Boyer and Nissenbaum, Caporal, Norton and Mattosian have all been fascinated by the trials in one way or another because they have all attempted to prove orRead MoreWitch Hunts And The Witch Trials2972 Words   |  12 PagesThis essay assesses the claim that witch-hunting was rarely an uncontrollable or hysterical phenomenon. Witch hunts have traditionally been presented in the academic literature as the result of a panicked reaction to supposed malevolent devil worship (e.g., Trevor-Roper 1969; Thomas 1972). In support of this interpretation, it is possible to cite numerous cases in which large numbers of people were put on trial, imprisoned, tortured, and executed seemingly without reason and on poor evidence. ItRead MoreThe Conflict Between Christian Faith And Those Of Islamic Faith2195 Words   |  9 PagesAs a global collect ive, the human past is purely one of conflict. Power struggles are widespread and unique in context, but these struggles are not special in the presence or complexity of the self-versus-other conflict within them. One of the strongest examples for this assertion is the First Crusades. At face value, any observer can immediately take notice of the separation between those of Christian faith and those of Islamic faith. If additional diligence in research is provided, any one of theseRead MoreCauses of the Salem Witch Trials: Political, Religious and Social5005 Words   |  21 PagesBetween the months of June to September of 1692, the infamous witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts resulted in the hanging of 19 men and women; the deaths of five others, including two children, while imprisoned in jail; the pressing to death of an 80-year old man, and the stoning of two dogs for collaborating with the Devil. Hundreds of others faced accusations and dozens more were jailed for months dur ing the progress of the trials. For over three hundred years these events have not only capturedRead MoreChoices With Consequences VsThe Lottery, And Young Goodman Brown, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1296 Words   |  6 Pagesuses a series of specific details and ordinary personages to describe the events leading to an unfair death. These details reveal the dangers of blindly upholding traditions and passing them to the next generations, without knowing much about the origin or the significance of the tradition. Jackson wisely incorporates various elements of fiction into the story in order to bring a create a vivid understanding of the meaning of her story and the message she is trying to put across. On the other hand

Psychosocial Impact of Depression in Chronic Illness

Question: Discuss about the Psychosocial Impact of Depression in Chronic Illness. Answer: Introduction: In this article, Nabi et al., (2011) described a research study, which aimed to examine the trajectories of depressive episodes, and the hypertension probabilities that are associated with the trajectories over a period. The authors used a longitudinal study data taken from the Whitehall II study to examine the socioeconomic gradient among the civil servants. The authors gathered data regarding the prevalence of depressive episodes, trajectory group and risk of hypertension among the 35-55-year-old civil servants in 20 London based departments through questionnaire and clinical examination. The key findings of the study are that the risk of hypertension increases with age more rapidly among the participants who experienced more episodes of depression as compared to the low level of episodes of depression. This study suggests that the psychological distress has an impact on the physiological effects. Depression is manifested as a complication due to the prevalence of chronic diseases having a cause and effect relationship that limits the mobility and independence. The main limitation of the research was that the respondents who did not include the unemployed and blue-collar workers which limited the general population representation. The depressive symptoms associated with hypertension included the cognitive manifestations. In the article, Nahon et al., (2010) describe a research to study the psychological and socioeconomic factors that have an impact on the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) regarding the risk factors adhered to the treatment. The aim of the authors was to analyse the characteristics of IBD associated with depression and anxiety. The authors conducted a two-step online survey on Association Francois Aupetit, the French IBD patients association through questionnaire from December 2008 to June 2009. In the second step, 4000 patients were provided with the questionnaire including the goals of the study mentioned in the survey. The results showed that among all the participants, 181 patients were highly depressed and 689 patients were anxious associated with the severity, flares and non-adherence to treatment. This large cohort study shows that there is a high prevalence of depression and anxiety among the IBD patients. There is social exclusion among the people who are suffering from chroni c diseases as it affects their quality of life. The limitation of the research is that the study is conducted in a selected population of the patients who belong to the IBD French association. Therefore, the results obtained cannot be generalized to the completely French population of IBD patients. In the article, Pouwer et al., (2011) describe a study to show the co morbid depression prevailing in the patients with chronic illness like type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Also, the research also studied the effectiveness of web-based cognitive behavioural therapy for the patients with depression and emotional distress. A randomized, controlled trial was conducted in Netherland among 255 adult diabetic patients who had elevated symptoms of depression. The primary outcomes of the research were the symptoms of depression and the emotional distress was the secondary outcomes associated with diabetes and glycemic control. The results showed that depression and emotional distress prevails among the patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes. The results also depicted that there were clinical improvement and reduction of anxiety and emotional distress after the one month follow up of CBT. The rigors to diabetic management are stressful and affect their daily activities leading to depression and poor quality of life. The limitations of the study are that the web based CBT intervention is not accessible for the elderly population and the one-month follow-up was small to access the effectiveness of the intervention. The results of the above studies show that there is a prevalence of depression, anxiety and emotional distress among the patients suffering from chronic illness. The chronic diseases like inflammatory bowel diseases, diabetes and hypertension have a detrimental effect on the patients life. It hampers the quality of life of the patients living with the disease and poses a risk for psychosocial distress. Apart from affecting the body systems, these chronic diseases intensify pain and isolate the people suffering from chronic illness. All these factors shape the experiences of the patients suffering from chronic diseases and enable the nurses to engage in the assessment and in providing holistic approaches to nursing practice. The psychological interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy are effective in reducing the patient associated depression and emotional distress related to the chronic diseases. The implications for nursing practice involve the screening of the anxiety and depression, providing psychosocial support, self-management interventions and by providing appropriate professional support. It is important to improve the recognition rates that are imperative for the nurses in providing the appropriate psychosocial support to the patients with chronic illness. The holistic nursing practices include the prompt diagnosis of the level of depression and understanding and knowledge of the basic aspects of the problem. There is also a requirement of non-pharmacological techniques that helps the patient to cope up with anxiety and make the patient reciprocate. In nursing practice, there is also a requirement of interventions that helps the patient to manage anxiety and depression through verbal and non-verbal communication. The coping strategies and interventions adopted by the patients can also be helpful for the patients suffering from chronic disease-related depression and anxiety. Apart from cognitive behavioral therapies, psychosocial interventions (PSI) like educational theories also provide support to the patients suffering from chronic disease-related depression. The holistic nursing practice should inculcate interventions that assume the complex interplay between the environmental, biological and sociological factors and the ambient depression that prevails in the chronic illness. A team-based collaborative approach for the patients with chronic illness where the nurses and the healthcare professionals should provide patient-centered care model that ensures satisfaction, improved functioning and better quality of life. The engagement and assessment of the outcome, familys assessment and support, psychosocial management that includes coping strategy enhancement, training in problem solving and approaches to self-management and techniques like motivational interviewing with medication management are some of the PSIs in nursing practice. References. Nabi, H., Chastang, J. F., Lefvre, T., Dugravot, A., Melchior, M., Marmot, M. G., Singh-Manoux, A. (2011). Trajectories of depressive episodes and hypertension over 24 years. Hypertension, 57(4), 710-716. Nahon, S., Lahmek, P., Durance, C., Olympie, A., Lesgourgues, B., Colombel, J. F., Gendre, J. P. (2012). Risk Factors of Anxiety and Depression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis, 18(11), 2086-2091. Pouwer, F., Cuijpers, P., Riper, H., Snoek, F. J. (2011). Web-Based Depression Treatment for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Diabetes Care, 34, 320-325.